THE VEDAS STATE EARTH is Spheroid
Indra Lal 
▪ Aitareya Brahmana (3.44)
The Sun does never set nor rise. When people think the Sun is setting it is not so. For after having arrived at the end of the day it makes itself produce two opposite effects, making night to what is below and day to what is on the other side having reached the end of the night, it makes itself produce two opposite effects, making day to what is below and night to what is on the other side. In fact, the Sun never sets.
▪ Shape of Earth is like an Oblate Spheroid. (Rig Veda XXX. IV.V).
▪ Earth is flattened at the poles (Markandeya Purana 54.12).
▪ Bhagavatam 5.21.8-9 : People living in countries at points diametrically opposite to where the sun is first seen rising,will see sun setting and if a straight line were drawn from the point where the sun is at midway,then people in countries at the opposite end ofthe line would be experiencing midnight and vice versa.
Aryabhattiam:
Bhūgolah sarvato vrtah - earth is round from all sides
Rigveda: Cakrānāshah parīnaham prthivyā - people who reside on the surface of Earth's circumference
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Srila Prabhupada says, "In Vedic literature it is bhu-gola, jagad-andha. These words are there. We can see also it is round, jagad-andha. The universe is round. And Goloka. Or Bhu-gola. Bhu-gola, the earth is round. So in the Vedic literatures... Therefore their knowledge is also imperfect because they do not refer to the Vedic literatures. It is already there. Bhu-gola. Bhu means the earth; gola means round. It is already there. And the geography's called, according to Sanskrit, it is called Bhu-gola. Long, long ago, before Galileo". (Morning Walk, December 9, 1973, Los Angeles)
Here Srila Prabhupada makes an argument that long before Galileo, the rishis knew that the Earth was round because they used the name Bhu-gola (round Earth).
Jaya Radhe Lee
Jaya Radhe Lee
Vedic Science on Gravitation
The beauty of Sanskrit language is that the ‘word’ itself explains its meaning and definition. The Sanskrit term for gravity is ‘Gurutvakarshan’ (गुरुत्वाकर्षण) which is an amalgam of Guru-tva-akarshan. Guru means big (also master), ‘tva’ comes from ‘tvam’ means ‘you’ and ‘Akarshan’ means to be attracted, thus the meaning of Gurutvakarshan is to attract by big (master). Even if we look further it explains that the bigger object have the high gravitational force which attracts the smaller object (which has low gravitational force).
Now to the ancient scriptures:
“YadA suryamamun divi shukram jyotiradhArayah, maditte vishva bhuvanAni yemire”
[Rigveda 8:12:30]
It means ‘Oh Indra (all sustaining Lord) through establishing the all illuminating and powerful sun you maintain control over all cosmic bodies through mutual forces.’
This demonstrates that all the constellations are maintained and controlled by mutual energy.
Savita Yantraih Prithiveem Aramnaat Dyaam Andahat Atoorte Baddham Ashwam Iv Adhukshat
[Rig Veda 10.149.1]
It means “The sun has tied Earth and other planets through attraction and moves them around itself as if a trainer moves newly trained horses around itself holding their reins.”
The gravitational effect of solar system makes the earth stable also mentioned in Rig Veda 1-103-2, 1-115-4 and 5-81-2.
In Surya Siddhanta, dated 400-500 AD, the ancient Hindu astronomer Bhaskaracharya states-
“madhye samantandasya bhugolo vyomni tisthati
bibhranah paramam saktim brahmano dharanatmikam”
[Surya Sidhantha 12th chapter 32 sloka]
This means: “In the midst of universe (Brahmanda), the spherical earth stands firm in the space, because of the dharanatmika sakti, Earth is standing firm in the space without falling away.”
Bhaskaracharya
“akrsta saktisca mahi taya yat svastham guru svabhimukham svasaktya
akrsyate tatpatativa bhati same samantat kva patatviyam khe”
[Sidhanta Shiromani, Bhuvanakosa, 6th sloka]
This means: “Objects fall on the earth due to a force of attraction by the earth. Therefore, the earth, planets, constellations, moon, and sun are held in orbit due to this force.”
Even before that the famous Indian mathematician Brahmagupta, in the 7th century had said about gravity that “Bodies fall towards the Earth as it is in the nature of the Earth to attract bodies, just as it is in the nature of water to flow”. – Brahmasphuta Siddhanta.
About a hundred years before Brahmagupta, another astronomer, Varahamihira had claimed for the first time perhaps that there should be a force which might be keeping bodies stuck to the Earth, and also keeping heavenly bodies in their determined places. Thus the concept of the existence of some attractive force that governs the falling of objects to the Earth and their remaining stationary after having once fallen; as also determining the positions which heavenly bodies occupy, was recognized. It was also recognized that this force is attractive force.
Approximately 1200 years later (1687 AD) after Bhaskaracharya , Sir Isaac Newton rediscovered this phenomenon and called it the Law of Gravity.
Ben Woodford